What is electromagnetic braking system?
An electromagnetic Braking system is a system that is used to slow down or to stop the rotation of the machine shaft with the help of an Electromagnet.
Electromagnetic Braking System operates through Electric actuation but produces braking action mechanically.
Working principle of electromagnetic braking system:-
Electromagnetic Braking System works on the Electromagnet field produced by the Electromagnet.
What is Electromagnet?
When current passes through the coiled wire, The Coil generates a magnetic field around it, It is known as Electromagnet.
In Electromagnetic Braking System, The Electromagnetic field produced by the Electromagnet is used to stop the rotation of the output shaft.
Electromagnetic braking system diagram:-
Components of electromagnetic braking system:-
The key components of the Electromagnetic Braking system are:-
- Battery
- Electromagnetic Coil
- Friction Material
- Armature
- Plate Spring
- Armature Hub
1) Battery:- Battery supply the current to the Electromagnetic coil whenever required to apply the brake.
2) Electromagnetic Coil:- It is a coil or spiral wire usually of copper that is located inside the stator. When the current flows from the battery to the coils, The Electromagnetic field produces around the coil.
3) Friction Material:- Friction material is attached to the stator to slow down or to stop armature rotation.
4) Armatur:- The Armature is made up of ferromagnetic material (Since Armature will get attracted towards the magnetic field) & It is mounted on the armature hub by means of splines. Because of splines, Armature can easily slide on Armature Hub & Armature is also connected to Armature Hub by means of plate spring. The Armature has a friction surface on one side.
5) Plate Spring:- Plate spring helps armature to return to an initial position when the magnetic field is removed.
6) Armature Hub:- Armature hub used to mount armature by means of splines. The armature hub is connected to the output shaft with the help of a key joint.
Working of electromagnetic braking system:-
1] When the current supply from the battery starts to flow to the coil, Coil becomes an electromagnet & produces an Electromagnetic field.
2] Since magnetic field, The armature that rotates with shaft pulled (Attracts) towards stator, Therefore friction occurs between Armature & Friction material on the stator, Due to this friction, the Armature stops & also shaft rotation stops.
3] hence in such a way Brake is applied. When the current supply to the coil stops, Coil stops creating an Electromagnetic field.
4] Hence due to the stop formation of the Electromagnetic field, the attraction force on the armature removes & the Stressed Spring pulls the armature towards the armature hub.
Hence in such a way Brake is released.
Electromagnetic braking system application:-
The electromagnetic braking system application are as follows:-
- Elevators & Escalators
- Medical Equipment
- Packaging & food processing machinery
- Servomotor & Robotics
Electromagnetic braking system advantages and disadvantages
Advantages:-
- Less Maintenance
- Simple Construction
- Less Friction
- Less Noise
Disadvantages:-
- Requirement of more electric power supply which discharges battery fast
- Chances of brake failure due to failure in electrical system.
